Strings

Introduction
Available Methods

Introduction

Laravel includes a variety of functions for manipulating string values. Many of these functions are used by the framework itself; however, you are free to use them in your own applications if you find them convenient.

Available Methods

Strings

__
class_basename
e
preg_replace_array
Str::after
Str::afterLast
Str::apa
Str::ascii
Str::before
Str::beforeLast
Str::between
Str::betweenFirst
Str::camel
Str::charAt
Str::chopStart
Str::chopEnd
Str::contains
Str::containsAll
Str::doesntContain
Str::doesntEndWith
Str::doesntStartWith
Str::deduplicate
Str::endsWith
Str::excerpt
Str::finish
Str::fromBase64
Str::headline
Str::inlineMarkdown
Str::is
Str::isAscii
Str::isJson
Str::isUlid
Str::isUrl
Str::isUuid
Str::kebab
Str::lcfirst
Str::length
Str::limit
Str::lower
Str::markdown
Str::mask
Str::match
Str::matchAll
Str::orderedUuid
Str::padBoth
Str::padLeft
Str::padRight
Str::password
Str::plural
Str::pluralStudly
Str::position
Str::random
Str::remove
Str::repeat
Str::replace
Str::replaceArray
Str::replaceFirst
Str::replaceLast
Str::replaceMatches
Str::replaceStart
Str::replaceEnd
Str::reverse
Str::singular
Str::slug
Str::snake
Str::squish
Str::start
Str::startsWith
Str::studly
Str::substr
Str::substrCount
Str::substrReplace
Str::swap
Str::take
Str::title
Str::toBase64
Str::transliterate
Str::trim
Str::ltrim
Str::rtrim
Str::ucfirst
Str::ucsplit
Str::ucwords
Str::upper
Str::ulid
Str::unwrap
Str::uuid
Str::uuid7
Str::wordCount
Str::wordWrap
Str::words
Str::wrap
str
trans
trans_choice

Fluent Strings

after
afterLast
apa
append
ascii
basename
before
beforeLast
between
betweenFirst
camel
charAt
classBasename
chopStart
chopEnd
contains
containsAll
decrypt
deduplicate
dirname
doesntContain
doesntEndWith
doesntStartWith
encrypt
endsWith
exactly
excerpt
explode
finish
fromBase64
hash
headline
inlineMarkdown
is
isAscii
isEmpty
isNotEmpty
isJson
isUlid
isUrl
isUuid
kebab
lcfirst
length
limit
lower
markdown
mask
match
matchAll
isMatch
newLine
padBoth
padLeft
padRight
pipe
plural
position
prepend
remove
repeat
replace
replaceArray
replaceFirst
replaceLast
replaceMatches
replaceStart
replaceEnd
scan
singular
slug
snake
split
squish
start
startsWith
stripTags
studly
substr
substrReplace
swap
take
tap
test
title
toBase64
toHtmlString
toUri
transliterate
trim
ltrim
rtrim
ucfirst
ucsplit
ucwords
unwrap
upper
when
whenContains
whenContainsAll
whenDoesntEndWith
whenDoesntStartWith
whenEmpty
whenNotEmpty
whenStartsWith
whenEndsWith
whenExactly
whenNotExactly
whenIs
whenIsAscii
whenIsUlid
whenIsUuid
whenTest
wordCount
words
wrap

Strings

`__()`

The __ function translates the given translation string or translation key using your language files:

php

echo __('Welcome to our application');

echo __('messages.welcome');

If the specified translation string or key does not exist, the __ function will return the given value. So, using the example above, the __ function would return messages.welcome if that translation key does not exist.

`class_basename()`

The class_basename function returns the class name of the given class with the class's namespace removed:

php

$class = class_basename('Foo\Bar\Baz');

// Baz

`e()`

The e function runs PHP's htmlspecialchars function with the double_encode option set to true by default:

php

echo e('<html>foo</html>');

// &lt;html&gt;foo&lt;/html&gt;

`preg_replace_array()`

The preg_replace_array function replaces a given pattern in the string sequentially using an array:

php

$string = 'The event will take place between :start and :end';

$replaced = preg_replace_array('/:[a-z_]+/', ['8:30', '9:00'], $string);

// The event will take place between 8:30 and 9:00

`Str::after()`

The Str::after method returns everything after the given value in a string. The entire string will be returned if the value does not exist within the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slice = Str::after('This is my name', 'This is');

// ' my name'

`Str::afterLast()`

The Str::afterLast method returns everything after the last occurrence of the given value in a string. The entire string will be returned if the value does not exist within the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slice = Str::afterLast('App\Http\Controllers\Controller', '\\');

// 'Controller'

`Str::apa()`

The Str::apa method converts the given string to title case following the APA guidelines:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$title = Str::apa('Creating A Project');

// 'Creating a Project'

`Str::ascii()`

The Str::ascii method will attempt to transliterate the string into an ASCII value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slice = Str::ascii('û');

// 'u'

`Str::before()`

The Str::before method returns everything before the given value in a string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slice = Str::before('This is my name', 'my name');

// 'This is '

`Str::beforeLast()`

The Str::beforeLast method returns everything before the last occurrence of the given value in a string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slice = Str::beforeLast('This is my name', 'is');

// 'This '

`Str::between()`

The Str::between method returns the portion of a string between two values:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slice = Str::between('This is my name', 'This', 'name');

// ' is my '

`Str::betweenFirst()`

The Str::betweenFirst method returns the smallest possible portion of a string between two values:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slice = Str::betweenFirst('[a] bc [d]', '[', ']');

// 'a'

`Str::camel()`

The Str::camel method converts the given string to camelCase:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::camel('foo_bar');

// 'fooBar'

`Str::charAt()`

The Str::charAt method returns the character at the specified index. If the index is out of bounds, false is returned:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$character = Str::charAt('This is my name.', 6);

// 's'

`Str::chopStart()`

The Str::chopStart method removes the first occurrence of the given value only if the value appears at the start of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$url = Str::chopStart('https://laravel.com', 'https://');

// 'laravel.com'

You may also pass an array as the second argument. If the string starts with any of the values in the array then that value will be removed from string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$url = Str::chopStart('http://laravel.com', ['https://', 'http://']);

// 'laravel.com'

`Str::chopEnd()`

The Str::chopEnd method removes the last occurrence of the given value only if the value appears at the end of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$url = Str::chopEnd('app/Models/Photograph.php', '.php');

// 'app/Models/Photograph'

You may also pass an array as the second argument. If the string ends with any of the values in the array then that value will be removed from string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$url = Str::chopEnd('laravel.com/index.php', ['/index.html', '/index.php']);

// 'laravel.com'

`Str::contains()`

The Str::contains method determines if the given string contains the given value. By default, this method is case sensitive:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$contains = Str::contains('This is my name', 'my');

// true

You may also pass an array of values to determine if the given string contains any of the values in the array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$contains = Str::contains('This is my name', ['my', 'foo']);

// true

You may disable case sensitivity by setting the ignoreCase argument to true:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$contains = Str::contains('This is my name', 'MY', ignoreCase: true);

// true

`Str::containsAll()`

The Str::containsAll method determines if the given string contains all of the values in a given array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$containsAll = Str::containsAll('This is my name', ['my', 'name']);

// true

You may disable case sensitivity by setting the ignoreCase argument to true:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$containsAll = Str::containsAll('This is my name', ['MY', 'NAME'], ignoreCase: true);

// true

`Str::doesntContain()`

The Str::doesntContain method determines if the given string doesn't contain the given value. By default, this method is case sensitive:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$doesntContain = Str::doesntContain('This is name', 'my');

// true

You may also pass an array of values to determine if the given string doesn't contain any of the values in the array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$doesntContain = Str::doesntContain('This is name', ['my', 'framework']);

// true

You may disable case sensitivity by setting the ignoreCase argument to true:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$doesntContain = Str::doesntContain('This is name', 'MY', ignoreCase: true);

// true

`Str::deduplicate()`

The Str::deduplicate method replaces consecutive instances of a character with a single instance of that character in the given string. By default, the method deduplicates spaces:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::deduplicate('The   Laravel   Framework');

// The Laravel Framework

You may specify a different character to deduplicate by passing it in as the second argument to the method:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::deduplicate('The---Laravel---Framework', '-');

// The-Laravel-Framework

`Str::doesntEndWith()`

The Str::doesntEndWith method determines if the given string doesn't end with the given value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::doesntEndWith('This is my name', 'dog');

// true

You may also pass an array of values to determine if the given string doesn't end with any of the values in the array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::doesntEndWith('This is my name', ['this', 'foo']);

// true

$result = Str::doesntEndWith('This is my name', ['name', 'foo']);

// false

`Str::doesntStartWith()`

The Str::doesntStartWith method determines if the given string doesn't begin with the given value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::doesntStartWith('This is my name', 'That');

// true

If an array of possible values is passed, the doesntStartWith method will return true if the string doesn't begin with any of the given values:

php

$result = Str::doesntStartWith('This is my name', ['What', 'That', 'There']);

// true

`Str::endsWith()`

The Str::endsWith method determines if the given string ends with the given value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::endsWith('This is my name', 'name');

// true

You may also pass an array of values to determine if the given string ends with any of the values in the array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::endsWith('This is my name', ['name', 'foo']);

// true

$result = Str::endsWith('This is my name', ['this', 'foo']);

// false

`Str::excerpt()`

The Str::excerpt method extracts an excerpt from a given string that matches the first instance of a phrase within that string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$excerpt = Str::excerpt('This is my name', 'my', [
    'radius' => 3
]);

// '...is my na...'

The radius option, which defaults to 100, allows you to define the number of characters that should appear on each side of the truncated string.

In addition, you may use the omission option to define the string that will be prepended and appended to the truncated string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$excerpt = Str::excerpt('This is my name', 'name', [
    'radius' => 3,
    'omission' => '(...) '
]);

// '(...) my name'

`Str::finish()`

The Str::finish method adds a single instance of the given value to a string if it does not already end with that value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$adjusted = Str::finish('this/string', '/');

// this/string/

$adjusted = Str::finish('this/string/', '/');

// this/string/

`Str::fromBase64()`

The Str::fromBase64 method decodes the given Base64 string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$decoded = Str::fromBase64('TGFyYXZlbA==');

// Laravel

`Str::headline()`

The Str::headline method will convert strings delimited by casing, hyphens, or underscores into a space delimited string with each word's first letter capitalized:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$headline = Str::headline('steve_jobs');

// Steve Jobs

$headline = Str::headline('EmailNotificationSent');

// Email Notification Sent

`Str::inlineMarkdown()`

The Str::inlineMarkdown method converts GitHub flavored Markdown into inline HTML using CommonMark. However, unlike the markdown method, it does not wrap all generated HTML in a block-level element:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$html = Str::inlineMarkdown('**Laravel**');

// <strong>Laravel</strong>

Markdown Security

By default, Markdown supports raw HTML, which will expose Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) vulnerabilities when used with raw user input. As per the CommonMark Security documentation, you may use the html_input option to either escape or strip raw HTML, and the allow_unsafe_links option to specify whether to allow unsafe links. If you need to allow some raw HTML, you should pass your compiled Markdown through an HTML Purifier:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

Str::inlineMarkdown('Inject: <script>alert("Hello XSS!");</script>', [
    'html_input' => 'strip',
    'allow_unsafe_links' => false,
]);

// Inject: alert(&quot;Hello XSS!&quot;);

`Str::is()`

The Str::is method determines if a given string matches a given pattern. Asterisks may be used as wildcard values:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$matches = Str::is('foo*', 'foobar');

// true

$matches = Str::is('baz*', 'foobar');

// false

You may disable case sensitivity by setting the ignoreCase argument to true:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$matches = Str::is('*.jpg', 'photo.JPG', ignoreCase: true);

// true

`Str::isAscii()`

The Str::isAscii method determines if a given string is 7 bit ASCII:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$isAscii = Str::isAscii('Taylor');

// true

$isAscii = Str::isAscii('ü');

// false

`Str::isJson()`

The Str::isJson method determines if the given string is valid JSON:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::isJson('[1,2,3]');

// true

$result = Str::isJson('{"first": "John", "last": "Doe"}');

// true

$result = Str::isJson('{first: "John", last: "Doe"}');

// false

`Str::isUrl()`

The Str::isUrl method determines if the given string is a valid URL:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$isUrl = Str::isUrl('http://example.com');

// true

$isUrl = Str::isUrl('laravel');

// false

The isUrl method considers a wide range of protocols as valid. However, you may specify the protocols that should be considered valid by providing them to the isUrl method:

php

$isUrl = Str::isUrl('http://example.com', ['http', 'https']);

`Str::isUlid()`

The Str::isUlid method determines if the given string is a valid ULID:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$isUlid = Str::isUlid('01gd6r360bp37zj17nxb55yv40');

// true

$isUlid = Str::isUlid('laravel');

// false

`Str::isUuid()`

The Str::isUuid method determines if the given string is a valid UUID:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$isUuid = Str::isUuid('a0a2a2d2-0b87-4a18-83f2-2529882be2de');

// true

$isUuid = Str::isUuid('laravel');

// false

You may also validate that the given UUID matches a UUID specification by version (1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8):

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$isUuid = Str::isUuid('a0a2a2d2-0b87-4a18-83f2-2529882be2de', version: 4);

// true

$isUuid = Str::isUuid('a0a2a2d2-0b87-4a18-83f2-2529882be2de', version: 1);

// false

`Str::kebab()`

The Str::kebab method converts the given string to kebab-case:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::kebab('fooBar');

// foo-bar

`Str::lcfirst()`

The Str::lcfirst method returns the given string with the first character lowercased:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::lcfirst('Foo Bar');

// foo Bar

`Str::length()`

The Str::length method returns the length of the given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$length = Str::length('Laravel');

// 7

`Str::limit()`

The Str::limit method truncates the given string to the specified length:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$truncated = Str::limit('The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog', 20);

// The quick brown fox...

You may pass a third argument to the method to change the string that will be appended to the end of the truncated string:

php

$truncated = Str::limit('The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog', 20, ' (...)');

// The quick brown fox (...)

If you would like to preserve complete words when truncating the string, you may utilize the preserveWords argument. When this argument is true, the string will be truncated to the nearest complete word boundary:

php

$truncated = Str::limit('The quick brown fox', 12, preserveWords: true);

// The quick...

`Str::lower()`

The Str::lower method converts the given string to lowercase:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::lower('LARAVEL');

// laravel

`Str::markdown()`

The Str::markdown method converts GitHub flavored Markdown into HTML using CommonMark:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$html = Str::markdown('# Laravel');

// <h1>Laravel</h1>

$html = Str::markdown('# Taylor <b>Otwell</b>', [
    'html_input' => 'strip',
]);

// <h1>Taylor Otwell</h1>

Markdown Security

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

Str::markdown('Inject: <script>alert("Hello XSS!");</script>', [
    'html_input' => 'strip',
    'allow_unsafe_links' => false,
]);

// <p>Inject: alert(&quot;Hello XSS!&quot;);</p>

`Str::mask()`

The Str::mask method masks a portion of a string with a repeated character, and may be used to obfuscate segments of strings such as email addresses and phone numbers:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::mask('taylor@example.com', '*', 3);

// tay***************

If needed, you provide a negative number as the third argument to the mask method, which will instruct the method to begin masking at the given distance from the end of the string:

php

$string = Str::mask('taylor@example.com', '*', -15, 3);

// tay***@example.com

`Str::match()`

The Str::match method will return the portion of a string that matches a given regular expression pattern:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::match('/bar/', 'foo bar');

// 'bar'

$result = Str::match('/foo (.*)/', 'foo bar');

// 'bar'

`Str::matchAll()`

The Str::matchAll method will return a collection containing the portions of a string that match a given regular expression pattern:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::matchAll('/bar/', 'bar foo bar');

// collect(['bar', 'bar'])

If you specify a matching group within the expression, Laravel will return a collection of the first matching group's matches:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::matchAll('/f(\w*)/', 'bar fun bar fly');

// collect(['un', 'ly']);

If no matches are found, an empty collection will be returned.

`Str::orderedUuid()`

The Str::orderedUuid method generates a "timestamp first" UUID that may be efficiently stored in an indexed database column. Each UUID that is generated using this method will be sorted after UUIDs previously generated using the method:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

return (string) Str::orderedUuid();

`Str::padBoth()`

The Str::padBoth method wraps PHP's str_pad function, padding both sides of a string with another string until the final string reaches a desired length:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$padded = Str::padBoth('James', 10, '_');

// '__James___'

$padded = Str::padBoth('James', 10);

// '  James   '

`Str::padLeft()`

The Str::padLeft method wraps PHP's str_pad function, padding the left side of a string with another string until the final string reaches a desired length:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$padded = Str::padLeft('James', 10, '-=');

// '-=-=-James'

$padded = Str::padLeft('James', 10);

// '     James'

`Str::padRight()`

The Str::padRight method wraps PHP's str_pad function, padding the right side of a string with another string until the final string reaches a desired length:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$padded = Str::padRight('James', 10, '-');

// 'James-----'

$padded = Str::padRight('James', 10);

// 'James     '

`Str::password()`

The Str::password method may be used to generate a secure, random password of a given length. The password will consist of a combination of letters, numbers, symbols, and spaces. By default, passwords are 32 characters long:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$password = Str::password();

// 'EbJo2vE-AS:U,$%_gkrV4n,q~1xy/-_4'

$password = Str::password(12);

// 'qwuar>#V|i]N'

`Str::plural()`

The Str::plural method converts a singular word string to its plural form. This function supports any of the languages supported by Laravel's pluralizer:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$plural = Str::plural('car');

// cars

$plural = Str::plural('child');

// children

You may provide an integer as a second argument to the function to retrieve the singular or plural form of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$plural = Str::plural('child', 2);

// children

$singular = Str::plural('child', 1);

// child

The prependCount argument may be provided to prefix the pluralized string with the formatted $count:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$label = Str::plural('car', 1000, prependCount: true);

// 1,000 cars

`Str::pluralStudly()`

The Str::pluralStudly method converts a singular word string formatted in studly caps case to its plural form. This function supports any of the languages supported by Laravel's pluralizer:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$plural = Str::pluralStudly('VerifiedHuman');

// VerifiedHumans

$plural = Str::pluralStudly('UserFeedback');

// UserFeedback

You may provide an integer as a second argument to the function to retrieve the singular or plural form of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$plural = Str::pluralStudly('VerifiedHuman', 2);

// VerifiedHumans

$singular = Str::pluralStudly('VerifiedHuman', 1);

// VerifiedHuman

`Str::position()`

The Str::position method returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring in a string. If the substring does not exist in the given string, false is returned:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$position = Str::position('Hello, World!', 'Hello');

// 0

$position = Str::position('Hello, World!', 'W');

// 7

`Str::random()`

The Str::random method generates a random string of the specified length. This function uses PHP's random_bytes function:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$random = Str::random(40);

During testing, it may be useful to "fake" the value that is returned by the Str::random method. To accomplish this, you may use the createRandomStringsUsing method:

php

Str::createRandomStringsUsing(function () {
    return 'fake-random-string';
});

To instruct the random method to return to generating random strings normally, you may invoke the createRandomStringsNormally method:

php

Str::createRandomStringsNormally();

`Str::remove()`

The Str::remove method removes the given value or array of values from the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = 'Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.';

$removed = Str::remove('e', $string);

// Ptr Pipr pickd a pck of pickld ppprs.

You may also pass false as a third argument to the remove method to ignore case when removing strings.

`Str::repeat()`

The Str::repeat method repeats the given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = 'a';

$repeat = Str::repeat($string, 5);

// aaaaa

`Str::replace()`

The Str::replace method replaces a given string within the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = 'Laravel 11.x';

$replaced = Str::replace('11.x', '12.x', $string);

// Laravel 12.x

The replace method also accepts a caseSensitive argument. By default, the replace method is case sensitive:

php

$replaced = Str::replace(
    'php',
    'Laravel',
    'PHP Framework for Web Artisans',
    caseSensitive: false
);

// Laravel Framework for Web Artisans

`Str::replaceArray()`

The Str::replaceArray method replaces a given value in the string sequentially using an array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = 'The event will take place between ? and ?';

$replaced = Str::replaceArray('?', ['8:30', '9:00'], $string);

// The event will take place between 8:30 and 9:00

`Str::replaceFirst()`

The Str::replaceFirst method replaces the first occurrence of a given value in a string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::replaceFirst('the', 'a', 'the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog');

// a quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

`Str::replaceLast()`

The Str::replaceLast method replaces the last occurrence of a given value in a string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::replaceLast('the', 'a', 'the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog');

// the quick brown fox jumps over a lazy dog

`Str::replaceMatches()`

The Str::replaceMatches method replaces all portions of a string matching a pattern with the given replacement string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::replaceMatches(
    pattern: '/[^A-Za-z0-9]++/',
    replace: '',
    subject: '(+1) 501-555-1000'
)

// '15015551000'

The replaceMatches method also accepts a closure that will be invoked with each portion of the string matching the given pattern, allowing you to perform the replacement logic within the closure and return the replaced value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::replaceMatches('/\d/', function (array $matches) {
    return '['.$matches[0].']';
}, '123');

// '[1][2][3]'

`Str::replaceStart()`

The Str::replaceStart method replaces the first occurrence of the given value only if the value appears at the start of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::replaceStart('Hello', 'Laravel', 'Hello World');

// Laravel World

$replaced = Str::replaceStart('World', 'Laravel', 'Hello World');

// Hello World

`Str::replaceEnd()`

The Str::replaceEnd method replaces the last occurrence of the given value only if the value appears at the end of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::replaceEnd('World', 'Laravel', 'Hello World');

// Hello Laravel

$replaced = Str::replaceEnd('Hello', 'Laravel', 'Hello World');

// Hello World

`Str::reverse()`

The Str::reverse method reverses the given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$reversed = Str::reverse('Hello World');

// dlroW olleH

`Str::singular()`

The Str::singular method converts a string to its singular form. This function supports any of the languages supported by Laravel's pluralizer:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$singular = Str::singular('cars');

// car

$singular = Str::singular('children');

// child

`Str::slug()`

The Str::slug method generates a URL friendly "slug" from the given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slug = Str::slug('Laravel 5 Framework', '-');

// laravel-5-framework

`Str::snake()`

The Str::snake method converts the given string to snake_case:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::snake('fooBar');

// foo_bar

$converted = Str::snake('fooBar', '-');

// foo-bar

`Str::squish()`

The Str::squish method removes all extraneous white space from a string, including extraneous white space between words:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::squish('    laravel    framework    ');

// laravel framework

`Str::start()`

The Str::start method adds a single instance of the given value to a string if it does not already start with that value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$adjusted = Str::start('this/string', '/');

// /this/string

$adjusted = Str::start('/this/string', '/');

// /this/string

`Str::startsWith()`

The Str::startsWith method determines if the given string begins with the given value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::startsWith('This is my name', 'This');

// true

If an array of possible values is passed, the startsWith method will return true if the string begins with any of the given values:

php

$result = Str::startsWith('This is my name', ['This', 'That', 'There']);

// true

`Str::studly()`

The Str::studly method converts the given string to StudlyCase:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::studly('foo_bar');

// FooBar

`Str::substr()`

The Str::substr method returns the portion of string specified by the start and length parameters:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::substr('The Laravel Framework', 4, 7);

// Laravel

`Str::substrCount()`

The Str::substrCount method returns the number of occurrences of a given value in the given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$count = Str::substrCount('If you like ice cream, you will like snow cones.', 'like');

// 2

`Str::substrReplace()`

The Str::substrReplace method replaces text within a portion of a string, starting at the position specified by the third argument and replacing the number of characters specified by the fourth argument. Passing 0 to the method's fourth argument will insert the string at the specified position without replacing any of the existing characters in the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::substrReplace('1300', ':', 2);
// 13:

$result = Str::substrReplace('1300', ':', 2, 0);
// 13:00

`Str::swap()`

The Str::swap method replaces multiple values in the given string using PHP's strtr function:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::swap([
    'Tacos' => 'Burritos',
    'great' => 'fantastic',
], 'Tacos are great!');

// Burritos are fantastic!

`Str::take()`

The Str::take method returns a specified number of characters from the beginning of a string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$taken = Str::take('Build something amazing!', 5);

// Build

`Str::title()`

The Str::title method converts the given string to Title Case:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::title('a nice title uses the correct case');

// A Nice Title Uses The Correct Case

`Str::toBase64()`

The Str::toBase64 method converts the given string to Base64:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$base64 = Str::toBase64('Laravel');

// TGFyYXZlbA==

`Str::transliterate()`

The Str::transliterate method will attempt to convert a given string into its closest ASCII representation:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$email = Str::transliterate('ⓣⓔⓢⓣ@ⓛⓐⓡⓐⓥⓔⓛ.ⓒⓞⓜ');

// 'test@laravel.com'

`Str::trim()`

The Str::trim method strips whitespace (or other characters) from the beginning and end of the given string. Unlike PHP's native trim function, the Str::trim method also removes unicode whitespace characters:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::trim(' foo bar ');

// 'foo bar'

`Str::ltrim()`

The Str::ltrim method strips whitespace (or other characters) from the beginning of the given string. Unlike PHP's native ltrim function, the Str::ltrim method also removes unicode whitespace characters:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::ltrim('  foo bar  ');

// 'foo bar  '

`Str::rtrim()`

The Str::rtrim method strips whitespace (or other characters) from the end of the given string. Unlike PHP's native rtrim function, the Str::rtrim method also removes unicode whitespace characters:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::rtrim('  foo bar  ');

// '  foo bar'

`Str::ucfirst()`

The Str::ucfirst method returns the given string with the first character capitalized:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::ucfirst('foo bar');

// Foo bar

`Str::ucsplit()`

The Str::ucsplit method splits the given string into an array by uppercase characters:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$segments = Str::ucsplit('FooBar');

// [0 => 'Foo', 1 => 'Bar']

`Str::ucwords()`

The Str::ucwords method converts the first character of each word in the given string to uppercase:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::ucwords('laravel framework');

// Laravel Framework

`Str::upper()`

The Str::upper method converts the given string to uppercase:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::upper('laravel');

// LARAVEL

`Str::ulid()`

The Str::ulid method generates a ULID, which is a compact, time-ordered unique identifier:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

return (string) Str::ulid();

// 01gd6r360bp37zj17nxb55yv40

If you would like to retrieve a Illuminate\Support\Carbon date instance representing the date and time that a given ULID was created, you may use the createFromId method provided by Laravel's Carbon integration:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Carbon;
use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$date = Carbon::createFromId((string) Str::ulid());

During testing, it may be useful to "fake" the value that is returned by the Str::ulid method. To accomplish this, you may use the createUlidsUsing method:

php

use Symfony\Component\Uid\Ulid;

Str::createUlidsUsing(function () {
    return new Ulid('01HRDBNHHCKNW2AK4Z29SN82T9');
});

To instruct the ulid method to return to generating ULIDs normally, you may invoke the createUlidsNormally method:

php

Str::createUlidsNormally();

`Str::unwrap()`

The Str::unwrap method removes the specified strings from the beginning and end of a given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

Str::unwrap('-Laravel-', '-');

// Laravel

Str::unwrap('{framework: "Laravel"}', '{', '}');

// framework: "Laravel"

`Str::uuid()`

The Str::uuid method generates a UUID (version 4):

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

return (string) Str::uuid();

During testing, it may be useful to "fake" the value that is returned by the Str::uuid method. To accomplish this, you may use the createUuidsUsing method:

php

use Ramsey\Uuid\Uuid;

Str::createUuidsUsing(function () {
    return Uuid::fromString('eadbfeac-5258-45c2-bab7-ccb9b5ef74f9');
});

To instruct the uuid method to return to generating UUIDs normally, you may invoke the createUuidsNormally method:

php

Str::createUuidsNormally();

`Str::uuid7()`

The Str::uuid7 method generates a UUID (version 7):

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

return (string) Str::uuid7();

A DateTimeInterface may be passed as an optional parameter which will be used to generate the ordered UUID:

php

return (string) Str::uuid7(time: now());

`Str::wordCount()`

The Str::wordCount method returns the number of words that a string contains:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

Str::wordCount('Hello, world!'); // 2

`Str::wordWrap()`

The Str::wordWrap method wraps a string to a given number of characters:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$text = "The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog."

Str::wordWrap($text, characters: 20, break: "<br />\n");

/*
The quick brown fox<br />
jumped over the lazy<br />
dog.
*/

`Str::words()`

The Str::words method limits the number of words in a string. An additional string may be passed to this method via its third argument to specify which string should be appended to the end of the truncated string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

return Str::words('Perfectly balanced, as all things should be.', 3, ' >>>');

// Perfectly balanced, as >>>

`Str::wrap()`

The Str::wrap method wraps the given string with an additional string or pair of strings:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

Str::wrap('Laravel', '"');

// "Laravel"

Str::wrap('is', before: 'This ', after: ' Laravel!');

// This is Laravel!

`str()`

The str function returns a new Illuminate\Support\Stringable instance of the given string. This function is equivalent to the Str::of method:

php

$string = str('Taylor')->append(' Otwell');

// 'Taylor Otwell'

If no argument is provided to the str function, the function returns an instance of Illuminate\Support\Str:

php

$snake = str()->snake('FooBar');

// 'foo_bar'

`trans()`

The trans function translates the given translation key using your language files:

php

echo trans('messages.welcome');

If the specified translation key does not exist, the trans function will return the given key. So, using the example above, the trans function would return messages.welcome if the translation key does not exist.

`trans_choice()`

The trans_choice function translates the given translation key with inflection:

php

echo trans_choice('messages.notifications', $unreadCount);

If the specified translation key does not exist, the trans_choice function will return the given key. So, using the example above, the trans_choice function would return messages.notifications if the translation key does not exist.

Fluent Strings

Fluent strings provide a more fluent, object-oriented interface for working with string values, allowing you to chain multiple string operations together using a more readable syntax compared to traditional string operations.

`after`

The after method returns everything after the given value in a string. The entire string will be returned if the value does not exist within the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slice = Str::of('This is my name')->after('This is');

// ' my name'

`afterLast`

The afterLast method returns everything after the last occurrence of the given value in a string. The entire string will be returned if the value does not exist within the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slice = Str::of('App\Http\Controllers\Controller')->afterLast('\\');

// 'Controller'

`apa`

The apa method converts the given string to title case following the APA guidelines:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::of('a nice title uses the correct case')->apa();

// A Nice Title Uses the Correct Case

`append`

The append method appends the given values to the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('Taylor')->append(' Otwell');

// 'Taylor Otwell'

`ascii`

The ascii method will attempt to transliterate the string into an ASCII value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('ü')->ascii();

// 'u'

`basename`

The basename method will return the trailing name component of the given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('/foo/bar/baz')->basename();

// 'baz'

If needed, you may provide an "extension" that will be removed from the trailing component:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('/foo/bar/baz.jpg')->basename('.jpg');

// 'baz'

`before`

The before method returns everything before the given value in a string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slice = Str::of('This is my name')->before('my name');

// 'This is '

`beforeLast`

The beforeLast method returns everything before the last occurrence of the given value in a string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slice = Str::of('This is my name')->beforeLast('is');

// 'This '

`between`

The between method returns the portion of a string between two values:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::of('This is my name')->between('This', 'name');

// ' is my '

`betweenFirst`

The betweenFirst method returns the smallest possible portion of a string between two values:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::of('[a] bc [d]')->betweenFirst('[', ']');

// 'a'

`camel`

The camel method converts the given string to camelCase:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::of('foo_bar')->camel();

// 'fooBar'

`charAt`

The charAt method returns the character at the specified index. If the index is out of bounds, false is returned:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$character = Str::of('This is my name.')->charAt(6);

// 's'

`classBasename`

The classBasename method returns the class name of the given class with the class's namespace removed:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$class = Str::of('Foo\Bar\Baz')->classBasename();

// 'Baz'

`chopStart`

The chopStart method removes the first occurrence of the given value only if the value appears at the start of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$url = Str::of('https://laravel.com')->chopStart('https://');

// 'laravel.com'

You may also pass an array. If the string starts with any of the values in the array then that value will be removed from string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$url = Str::of('http://laravel.com')->chopStart(['https://', 'http://']);

// 'laravel.com'

`chopEnd`

The chopEnd method removes the last occurrence of the given value only if the value appears at the end of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$url = Str::of('https://laravel.com')->chopEnd('.com');

// 'https://laravel'

You may also pass an array. If the string ends with any of the values in the array then that value will be removed from string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$url = Str::of('http://laravel.com')->chopEnd(['.com', '.io']);

// 'http://laravel'

`contains`

The contains method determines if the given string contains the given value. By default, this method is case sensitive:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$contains = Str::of('This is my name')->contains('my');

// true

You may also pass an array of values to determine if the given string contains any of the values in the array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$contains = Str::of('This is my name')->contains(['my', 'foo']);

// true

You can disable case sensitivity by setting the ignoreCase argument to true:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$contains = Str::of('This is my name')->contains('MY', ignoreCase: true);

// true

`containsAll`

The containsAll method determines if the given string contains all of the values in the given array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$containsAll = Str::of('This is my name')->containsAll(['my', 'name']);

// true

You can disable case sensitivity by setting the ignoreCase argument to true:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$containsAll = Str::of('This is my name')->containsAll(['MY', 'NAME'], ignoreCase: true);

// true

`decrypt`

The decrypt method decrypts the encrypted string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$decrypted = $encrypted->decrypt();

// 'secret'

For the inverse of decrypt, see the encrypt method.

`deduplicate`

The deduplicate method replaces consecutive instances of a character with a single instance of that character in the given string. By default, the method deduplicates spaces:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('The   Laravel   Framework')->deduplicate();

// The Laravel Framework

You may specify a different character to deduplicate by passing it in as the second argument to the method:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('The---Laravel---Framework')->deduplicate('-');

// The-Laravel-Framework

`dirname`

The dirname method returns the parent directory portion of the given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('/foo/bar/baz')->dirname();

// '/foo/bar'

If necessary, you may specify how many directory levels you wish to trim from the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('/foo/bar/baz')->dirname(2);

// '/foo'

`doesntContain()`

The doesntContain method determines if the given string does not contain the given value. This method is the inverse of the contains method. By default, this method is case sensitive:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$doesntContain = Str::of('This is name')->doesntContain('my');

// true

You may also pass an array of values to determine if the given string does not contain any of the values in the array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$doesntContain = Str::of('This is name')->doesntContain(['my', 'framework']);

// true

You may disable case sensitivity by setting the ignoreCase argument to true:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$doesntContain = Str::of('This is my name')->doesntContain('MY', ignoreCase: true);

// false

`doesntEndWith`

The doesntEndWith method determines if the given string doesn't end with the given value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('This is my name')->doesntEndWith('dog');

// true

You may also pass an array of values to determine if the given string doesn't end with any of the values in the array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('This is my name')->doesntEndWith(['this', 'foo']);

// true

$result = Str::of('This is my name')->doesntEndWith(['name', 'foo']);

// false

`doesntStartWith`

The doesntStartWith method determines if the given string doesn't begin with the given value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('This is my name')->doesntStartWith('That');

// true

You may also pass an array of values to determine if the given string doesn't start with any of the values in the array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('This is my name')->doesntStartWith(['What', 'That', 'There']);

// true

`encrypt`

The encrypt method encrypts the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$encrypted = Str::of('secret')->encrypt();

For the inverse of encrypt, see the decrypt method.

`endsWith`

The endsWith method determines if the given string ends with the given value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('This is my name')->endsWith('name');

// true

You may also pass an array of values to determine if the given string ends with any of the values in the array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('This is my name')->endsWith(['name', 'foo']);

// true

$result = Str::of('This is my name')->endsWith(['this', 'foo']);

// false

`exactly`

The exactly method determines if the given string is an exact match with another string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('Laravel')->exactly('Laravel');

// true

`excerpt`

The excerpt method extracts an excerpt from the string that matches the first instance of a phrase within that string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$excerpt = Str::of('This is my name')->excerpt('my', [
    'radius' => 3
]);

// '...is my na...'

The radius option, which defaults to 100, allows you to define the number of characters that should appear on each side of the truncated string.

In addition, you may use the omission option to change the string that will be prepended and appended to the truncated string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$excerpt = Str::of('This is my name')->excerpt('name', [
    'radius' => 3,
    'omission' => '(...) '
]);

// '(...) my name'

`explode`

The explode method splits the string by the given delimiter and returns a collection containing each section of the split string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$collection = Str::of('foo bar baz')->explode(' ');

// collect(['foo', 'bar', 'baz'])

`finish`

The finish method adds a single instance of the given value to a string if it does not already end with that value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$adjusted = Str::of('this/string')->finish('/');

// this/string/

$adjusted = Str::of('this/string/')->finish('/');

// this/string/

`fromBase64`

The fromBase64 method decodes the given Base64 string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$decoded = Str::of('TGFyYXZlbA==')->fromBase64();

// Laravel

`hash`

The hash method hashes the string using the given algorithm:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$hashed = Str::of('secret')->hash(algorithm: 'sha256');

// '2bb80d537b1da3e38bd30361aa855686bde0eacd7162fef6a25fe97bf527a25b'

`headline`

The headline method will convert strings delimited by casing, hyphens, or underscores into a space delimited string with each word's first letter capitalized:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$headline = Str::of('taylor_otwell')->headline();

// Taylor Otwell

$headline = Str::of('EmailNotificationSent')->headline();

// Email Notification Sent

`inlineMarkdown`

The inlineMarkdown method converts GitHub flavored Markdown into inline HTML using CommonMark. However, unlike the markdown method, it does not wrap all generated HTML in a block-level element:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$html = Str::of('**Laravel**')->inlineMarkdown();

// <strong>Laravel</strong>

Markdown Security

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

Str::of('Inject: <script>alert("Hello XSS!");</script>')->inlineMarkdown([
    'html_input' => 'strip',
    'allow_unsafe_links' => false,
]);

// Inject: alert(&quot;Hello XSS!&quot;);

`is`

The is method determines if a given string matches a given pattern. Asterisks may be used as wildcard values

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$matches = Str::of('foobar')->is('foo*');

// true

$matches = Str::of('foobar')->is('baz*');

// false

`isAscii`

The isAscii method determines if a given string is an ASCII string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('Taylor')->isAscii();

// true

$result = Str::of('ü')->isAscii();

// false

`isEmpty`

The isEmpty method determines if the given string is empty:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('  ')->trim()->isEmpty();

// true

$result = Str::of('Laravel')->trim()->isEmpty();

// false

`isNotEmpty`

The isNotEmpty method determines if the given string is not empty:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('  ')->trim()->isNotEmpty();

// false

$result = Str::of('Laravel')->trim()->isNotEmpty();

// true

`isJson`

The isJson method determines if a given string is valid JSON:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('[1,2,3]')->isJson();

// true

$result = Str::of('{"first": "John", "last": "Doe"}')->isJson();

// true

$result = Str::of('{first: "John", last: "Doe"}')->isJson();

// false

`isUlid`

The isUlid method determines if a given string is a ULID:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('01gd6r360bp37zj17nxb55yv40')->isUlid();

// true

$result = Str::of('Taylor')->isUlid();

// false

`isUrl`

The isUrl method determines if a given string is a URL:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('http://example.com')->isUrl();

// true

$result = Str::of('Taylor')->isUrl();

// false

The isUrl method considers a wide range of protocols as valid. However, you may specify the protocols that should be considered valid by providing them to the isUrl method:

php

$result = Str::of('http://example.com')->isUrl(['http', 'https']);

`isUuid`

The isUuid method determines if a given string is a UUID:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('5ace9ab9-e9cf-4ec6-a19d-5881212a452c')->isUuid();

// true

$result = Str::of('Taylor')->isUuid();

// false

You may also validate that the given UUID matches a UUID specification by version (1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8):

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$isUuid = Str::of('a0a2a2d2-0b87-4a18-83f2-2529882be2de')->isUuid(version: 4);

// true

$isUuid = Str::of('a0a2a2d2-0b87-4a18-83f2-2529882be2de')->isUuid(version: 1);

// false

`kebab`

The kebab method converts the given string to kebab-case:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::of('fooBar')->kebab();

// foo-bar

`lcfirst`

The lcfirst method returns the given string with the first character lowercased:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('Foo Bar')->lcfirst();

// foo Bar

`length`

The length method returns the length of the given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$length = Str::of('Laravel')->length();

// 7

`limit`

The limit method truncates the given string to the specified length:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$truncated = Str::of('The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog')->limit(20);

// The quick brown fox...

You may also pass a second argument to change the string that will be appended to the end of the truncated string:

php

$truncated = Str::of('The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog')->limit(20, ' (...)');

// The quick brown fox (...)

php

$truncated = Str::of('The quick brown fox')->limit(12, preserveWords: true);

// The quick...

`lower`

The lower method converts the given string to lowercase:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('LARAVEL')->lower();

// 'laravel'

`markdown`

The markdown method converts GitHub flavored Markdown into HTML:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$html = Str::of('# Laravel')->markdown();

// <h1>Laravel</h1>

$html = Str::of('# Taylor <b>Otwell</b>')->markdown([
    'html_input' => 'strip',
]);

// <h1>Taylor Otwell</h1>

Markdown Security

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

Str::of('Inject: <script>alert("Hello XSS!");</script>')->markdown([
    'html_input' => 'strip',
    'allow_unsafe_links' => false,
]);

// <p>Inject: alert(&quot;Hello XSS!&quot;);</p>

`mask`

The mask method masks a portion of a string with a repeated character, and may be used to obfuscate segments of strings such as email addresses and phone numbers:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('taylor@example.com')->mask('*', 3);

// tay***************

If needed, you may provide negative numbers as the third or fourth argument to the mask method, which will instruct the method to begin masking at the given distance from the end of the string:

php

$string = Str::of('taylor@example.com')->mask('*', -15, 3);

// tay***@example.com

$string = Str::of('taylor@example.com')->mask('*', 4, -4);

// tayl**********.com

`match`

The match method will return the portion of a string that matches a given regular expression pattern:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('foo bar')->match('/bar/');

// 'bar'

$result = Str::of('foo bar')->match('/foo (.*)/');

// 'bar'

`matchAll`

The matchAll method will return a collection containing the portions of a string that match a given regular expression pattern:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('bar foo bar')->matchAll('/bar/');

// collect(['bar', 'bar'])

If you specify a matching group within the expression, Laravel will return a collection of the first matching group's matches:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('bar fun bar fly')->matchAll('/f(\w*)/');

// collect(['un', 'ly']);

If no matches are found, an empty collection will be returned.

`isMatch`

The isMatch method will return true if the string matches a given regular expression:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('foo bar')->isMatch('/foo (.*)/');

// true

$result = Str::of('laravel')->isMatch('/foo (.*)/');

// false

`newLine`

The newLine method appends an "end of line" character to a string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$padded = Str::of('Laravel')->newLine()->append('Framework');

// 'Laravel
//  Framework'

`padBoth`

The padBoth method wraps PHP's str_pad function, padding both sides of a string with another string until the final string reaches the desired length:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$padded = Str::of('James')->padBoth(10, '_');

// '__James___'

$padded = Str::of('James')->padBoth(10);

// '  James   '

`padLeft`

The padLeft method wraps PHP's str_pad function, padding the left side of a string with another string until the final string reaches the desired length:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$padded = Str::of('James')->padLeft(10, '-=');

// '-=-=-James'

$padded = Str::of('James')->padLeft(10);

// '     James'

`padRight`

The padRight method wraps PHP's str_pad function, padding the right side of a string with another string until the final string reaches the desired length:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$padded = Str::of('James')->padRight(10, '-');

// 'James-----'

$padded = Str::of('James')->padRight(10);

// 'James     '

`pipe`

The pipe method allows you to transform the string by passing its current value to the given callable:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$hash = Str::of('Laravel')->pipe('md5')->prepend('Checksum: ');

// 'Checksum: a5c95b86291ea299fcbe64458ed12702'

$closure = Str::of('foo')->pipe(function (Stringable $str) {
    return 'bar';
});

// 'bar'

`plural`

The plural method converts a singular word string to its plural form. This function supports any of the languages supported by Laravel's pluralizer:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$plural = Str::of('car')->plural();

// cars

$plural = Str::of('child')->plural();

// children

You may provide an integer argument to the function to retrieve the singular or plural form of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$plural = Str::of('child')->plural(2);

// children

$plural = Str::of('child')->plural(1);

// child

You may provide the prependCount argument to prefix the pluralized string with the formatted $count:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$label = Str::of('car')->plural(1000, prependCount: true);

// 1,000 cars

`position`

The position method returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring in a string. If the substring does not exist within the string, false is returned:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$position = Str::of('Hello, World!')->position('Hello');

// 0

$position = Str::of('Hello, World!')->position('W');

// 7

`prepend`

The prepend method prepends the given values onto the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('Framework')->prepend('Laravel ');

// Laravel Framework

`remove`

The remove method removes the given value or array of values from the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('Arkansas is quite beautiful!')->remove('quite ');

// Arkansas is beautiful!

You may also pass false as a second parameter to ignore case when removing strings.

`repeat`

The repeat method repeats the given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$repeated = Str::of('a')->repeat(5);

// aaaaa

`replace`

The replace method replaces a given string within the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::of('Laravel 6.x')->replace('6.x', '7.x');

// Laravel 7.x

The replace method also accepts a caseSensitive argument. By default, the replace method is case sensitive:

php

$replaced = Str::of('macOS 13.x')->replace(
    'macOS', 'iOS', caseSensitive: false
);

`replaceArray`

The replaceArray method replaces a given value in the string sequentially using an array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = 'The event will take place between ? and ?';

$replaced = Str::of($string)->replaceArray('?', ['8:30', '9:00']);

// The event will take place between 8:30 and 9:00

`replaceFirst`

The replaceFirst method replaces the first occurrence of a given value in a string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::of('the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog')->replaceFirst('the', 'a');

// a quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

`replaceLast`

The replaceLast method replaces the last occurrence of a given value in a string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::of('the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog')->replaceLast('the', 'a');

// the quick brown fox jumps over a lazy dog

`replaceMatches`

The replaceMatches method replaces all portions of a string matching a pattern with the given replacement string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::of('(+1) 501-555-1000')->replaceMatches('/[^A-Za-z0-9]++/', '')

// '15015551000'

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::of('123')->replaceMatches('/\d/', function (array $matches) {
    return '['.$matches[0].']';
});

// '[1][2][3]'

`replaceStart`

The replaceStart method replaces the first occurrence of the given value only if the value appears at the start of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::of('Hello World')->replaceStart('Hello', 'Laravel');

// Laravel World

$replaced = Str::of('Hello World')->replaceStart('World', 'Laravel');

// Hello World

`replaceEnd`

The replaceEnd method replaces the last occurrence of the given value only if the value appears at the end of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$replaced = Str::of('Hello World')->replaceEnd('World', 'Laravel');

// Hello Laravel

$replaced = Str::of('Hello World')->replaceEnd('Hello', 'Laravel');

// Hello World

`scan`

The scan method parses input from a string into a collection according to a format supported by the sscanf PHP function:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$collection = Str::of('filename.jpg')->scan('%[^.].%s');

// collect(['filename', 'jpg'])

`singular`

The singular method converts a string to its singular form. This function supports any of the languages supported by Laravel's pluralizer:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$singular = Str::of('cars')->singular();

// car

$singular = Str::of('children')->singular();

// child

`slug`

The slug method generates a URL friendly "slug" from the given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$slug = Str::of('Laravel Framework')->slug('-');

// laravel-framework

`snake`

The snake method converts the given string to snake_case:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::of('fooBar')->snake();

// foo_bar

`split`

The split method splits a string into a collection using a regular expression:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$segments = Str::of('one, two, three')->split('/[\s,]+/');

// collect(["one", "two", "three"])

`squish`

The squish method removes all extraneous white space from a string, including extraneous white space between words:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('    laravel    framework    ')->squish();

// laravel framework

`start`

The start method adds a single instance of the given value to a string if it does not already start with that value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$adjusted = Str::of('this/string')->start('/');

// /this/string

$adjusted = Str::of('/this/string')->start('/');

// /this/string

`startsWith`

The startsWith method determines if the given string begins with the given value:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('This is my name')->startsWith('This');

// true

You may also pass an array of values to determine if the given string starts with any of the values in the array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('This is my name')->startsWith(['This', 'That']);

// true

`stripTags`

The stripTags method removes all HTML and PHP tags from a string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('<a href="https://laravel.com">Taylor <b>Otwell</b></a>')->stripTags();

// Taylor Otwell

$result = Str::of('<a href="https://laravel.com">Taylor <b>Otwell</b></a>')->stripTags('<b>');

// Taylor <b>Otwell</b>

`studly`

The studly method converts the given string to StudlyCase:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::of('foo_bar')->studly();

// FooBar

`substr`

The substr method returns the portion of the string specified by the given start and length parameters:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('Laravel Framework')->substr(8);

// Framework

$string = Str::of('Laravel Framework')->substr(8, 5);

// Frame

`substrReplace`

The substrReplace method replaces text within a portion of a string, starting at the position specified by the second argument and replacing the number of characters specified by the third argument. Passing 0 to the method's third argument will insert the string at the specified position without replacing any of the existing characters in the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('1300')->substrReplace(':', 2);

// 13:

$string = Str::of('The Framework')->substrReplace(' Laravel', 3, 0);

// The Laravel Framework

`swap`

The swap method replaces multiple values in the string using PHP's strtr function:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('Tacos are great!')
    ->swap([
        'Tacos' => 'Burritos',
        'great' => 'fantastic',
    ]);

// Burritos are fantastic!

`take`

The take method returns a specified number of characters from the beginning of the string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$taken = Str::of('Build something amazing!')->take(5);

// Build

`tap`

The tap method passes the string to the given closure, allowing you to examine and interact with the string while not affecting the string itself. The original string is returned by the tap method regardless of what is returned by the closure:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('Laravel')
    ->append(' Framework')
    ->tap(function (Stringable $string) {
        dump('String after append: '.$string);
    })
    ->upper();

// LARAVEL FRAMEWORK

`test`

The test method determines if a string matches the given regular expression pattern:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$result = Str::of('Laravel Framework')->test('/Laravel/');

// true

`title`

The title method converts the given string to Title Case:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$converted = Str::of('a nice title uses the correct case')->title();

// A Nice Title Uses The Correct Case

`toBase64`

The toBase64 method converts the given string to Base64:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$base64 = Str::of('Laravel')->toBase64();

// TGFyYXZlbA==

`toHtmlString`

The toHtmlString method converts the given string to an instance of Illuminate\Support\HtmlString, which will not be escaped when rendered in Blade templates:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$htmlString = Str::of('Nuno Maduro')->toHtmlString();

`toUri`

The toUri method converts the given string to an instance of Illuminate\Support\Uri:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$uri = Str::of('https://example.com')->toUri();

`transliterate`

The transliterate method will attempt to convert a given string into its closest ASCII representation:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$email = Str::of('ⓣⓔⓢⓣ@ⓛⓐⓡⓐⓥⓔⓛ.ⓒⓞⓜ')->transliterate()

// 'test@laravel.com'

`trim`

The trim method trims the given string. Unlike PHP's native trim function, Laravel's trim method also removes unicode whitespace characters:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('  Laravel  ')->trim();

// 'Laravel'

$string = Str::of('/Laravel/')->trim('/');

// 'Laravel'

`ltrim`

The ltrim method trims the left side of the string. Unlike PHP's native ltrim function, Laravel's ltrim method also removes unicode whitespace characters:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('  Laravel  ')->ltrim();

// 'Laravel  '

$string = Str::of('/Laravel/')->ltrim('/');

// 'Laravel/'

`rtrim`

The rtrim method trims the right side of the given string. Unlike PHP's native rtrim function, Laravel's rtrim method also removes unicode whitespace characters:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('  Laravel  ')->rtrim();

// '  Laravel'

$string = Str::of('/Laravel/')->rtrim('/');

// '/Laravel'

`ucfirst`

The ucfirst method returns the given string with the first character capitalized:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('foo bar')->ucfirst();

// Foo bar

`ucsplit`

The ucsplit method splits the given string into a collection by uppercase characters:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('Foo Bar')->ucsplit();

// collect(['Foo ', 'Bar'])

`ucwords`

The ucwords method converts the first character of each word in the given string to uppercase:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('laravel framework')->ucwords();

// Laravel Framework

`unwrap`

The unwrap method removes the specified strings from the beginning and end of a given string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

Str::of('-Laravel-')->unwrap('-');

// Laravel

Str::of('{framework: "Laravel"}')->unwrap('{', '}');

// framework: "Laravel"

`upper`

The upper method converts the given string to uppercase:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$adjusted = Str::of('laravel')->upper();

// LARAVEL

`when`

The when method invokes the given closure if a given condition is true. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('Taylor')
    ->when(true, function (Stringable $string) {
        return $string->append(' Otwell');
    });

// 'Taylor Otwell'

If necessary, you may pass another closure as the third parameter to the when method. This closure will execute if the condition parameter evaluates to false.

`whenContains`

The whenContains method invokes the given closure if the string contains the given value. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('tony stark')
    ->whenContains('tony', function (Stringable $string) {
        return $string->title();
    });

// 'Tony Stark'

If necessary, you may pass another closure as the third parameter to the when method. This closure will execute if the string does not contain the given value.

You may also pass an array of values to determine if the given string contains any of the values in the array:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('tony stark')
    ->whenContains(['tony', 'hulk'], function (Stringable $string) {
        return $string->title();
    });

// Tony Stark

`whenContainsAll`

The whenContainsAll method invokes the given closure if the string contains all of the given sub-strings. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('tony stark')
    ->whenContainsAll(['tony', 'stark'], function (Stringable $string) {
        return $string->title();
    });

// 'Tony Stark'

If necessary, you may pass another closure as the third parameter to the when method. This closure will execute if the condition parameter evaluates to false.

`whenDoesntEndWith`

The whenDoesntEndWith method invokes the given closure if the string doesn't end with the given sub-string. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('disney world')->whenDoesntEndWith('land', function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->title();
});

// 'Disney World'

`whenDoesntStartWith`

The whenDoesntStartWith method invokes the given closure if the string doesn't start with the given sub-string. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('disney world')->whenDoesntStartWith('sea', function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->title();
});

// 'Disney World'

`whenEmpty`

The whenEmpty method invokes the given closure if the string is empty. If the closure returns a value, that value will also be returned by the whenEmpty method. If the closure does not return a value, the fluent string instance will be returned:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('  ')->trim()->whenEmpty(function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->prepend('Laravel');
});

// 'Laravel'

`whenNotEmpty`

The whenNotEmpty method invokes the given closure if the string is not empty. If the closure returns a value, that value will also be returned by the whenNotEmpty method. If the closure does not return a value, the fluent string instance will be returned:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('Framework')->whenNotEmpty(function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->prepend('Laravel ');
});

// 'Laravel Framework'

`whenStartsWith`

The whenStartsWith method invokes the given closure if the string starts with the given sub-string. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('disney world')->whenStartsWith('disney', function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->title();
});

// 'Disney World'

`whenEndsWith`

The whenEndsWith method invokes the given closure if the string ends with the given sub-string. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('disney world')->whenEndsWith('world', function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->title();
});

// 'Disney World'

`whenExactly`

The whenExactly method invokes the given closure if the string exactly matches the given string. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('laravel')->whenExactly('laravel', function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->title();
});

// 'Laravel'

`whenNotExactly`

The whenNotExactly method invokes the given closure if the string does not exactly match the given string. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('framework')->whenNotExactly('laravel', function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->title();
});

// 'Framework'

`whenIs`

The whenIs method invokes the given closure if the string matches a given pattern. Asterisks may be used as wildcard values. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('foo/bar')->whenIs('foo/*', function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->append('/baz');
});

// 'foo/bar/baz'

`whenIsAscii`

The whenIsAscii method invokes the given closure if the string is 7 bit ASCII. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('laravel')->whenIsAscii(function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->title();
});

// 'Laravel'

`whenIsUlid`

The whenIsUlid method invokes the given closure if the string is a valid ULID. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('01gd6r360bp37zj17nxb55yv40')->whenIsUlid(function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->substr(0, 8);
});

// '01gd6r36'

`whenIsUuid`

The whenIsUuid method invokes the given closure if the string is a valid UUID. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('a0a2a2d2-0b87-4a18-83f2-2529882be2de')->whenIsUuid(function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->substr(0, 8);
});

// 'a0a2a2d2'

`whenTest`

The whenTest method invokes the given closure if the string matches the given regular expression. The closure will receive the fluent string instance:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;
use Illuminate\Support\Stringable;

$string = Str::of('laravel framework')->whenTest('/laravel/', function (Stringable $string) {
    return $string->title();
});

// 'Laravel Framework'

`wordCount`

The wordCount method returns the number of words that a string contains:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

Str::of('Hello, world!')->wordCount(); // 2

`words`

The words method limits the number of words in a string. If necessary, you may specify an additional string that will be appended to the truncated string:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

$string = Str::of('Perfectly balanced, as all things should be.')->words(3, ' >>>');

// Perfectly balanced, as >>>

`wrap`

The wrap method wraps the given string with an additional string or pair of strings:

php

use Illuminate\Support\Str;

Str::of('Laravel')->wrap('"');

// "Laravel"

Str::is('is')->wrap(before: 'This ', after: ' Laravel!');

// This is Laravel!

文档导航

Strings

Introduction

Available Methods

Strings

Fluent Strings

Strings

__()

class_basename()

e()

preg_replace_array()

Str::after()

Str::afterLast()

Str::apa()

Str::ascii()

Str::before()

Str::beforeLast()

Str::between()

Str::betweenFirst()

Str::camel()

Str::charAt()

Str::chopStart()

Str::chopEnd()

Str::contains()

Str::containsAll()

Str::doesntContain()

Str::deduplicate()

Str::doesntEndWith()

Str::doesntStartWith()

Str::endsWith()

Str::excerpt()

Str::finish()

Str::fromBase64()

Str::headline()

Str::inlineMarkdown()

Markdown Security

Str::is()

Str::isAscii()

Str::isJson()

Str::isUrl()

Str::isUlid()

Str::isUuid()

Str::kebab()

Str::lcfirst()

Str::length()

Str::limit()

Str::lower()

Str::markdown()

Markdown Security

Str::mask()

Str::match()

Str::matchAll()

Str::orderedUuid()

Str::padBoth()

Str::padLeft()

Str::padRight()

Str::password()

Str::plural()

Str::pluralStudly()

Str::position()

Str::random()

Str::remove()

Str::repeat()

Str::replace()

Str::replaceArray()

Str::replaceFirst()

Str::replaceLast()

Str::replaceMatches()

Str::replaceStart()

Str::replaceEnd()

Str::reverse()

Str::singular()

Str::slug()

Str::snake()

Str::squish()

Str::start()

Str::startsWith()

Str::studly()

Str::substr()

Str::substrCount()

`__()`

`class_basename()`

`e()`

`preg_replace_array()`

`Str::after()`

`Str::afterLast()`

`Str::apa()`

`Str::ascii()`

`Str::before()`

`Str::beforeLast()`

`Str::between()`

`Str::betweenFirst()`

`Str::camel()`

`Str::charAt()`

`Str::chopStart()`

`Str::chopEnd()`

`Str::contains()`

`Str::containsAll()`

`Str::doesntContain()`

`Str::deduplicate()`

`Str::doesntEndWith()`

`Str::doesntStartWith()`

`Str::endsWith()`

`Str::excerpt()`

`Str::finish()`

`Str::fromBase64()`

`Str::headline()`

`Str::inlineMarkdown()`

`Str::is()`

`Str::isAscii()`

`Str::isJson()`

`Str::isUrl()`

`Str::isUlid()`

`Str::isUuid()`

`Str::kebab()`

`Str::lcfirst()`

`Str::length()`

`Str::limit()`

`Str::lower()`

`Str::markdown()`

`Str::mask()`

`Str::match()`

`Str::matchAll()`

`Str::orderedUuid()`

`Str::padBoth()`

`Str::padLeft()`

`Str::padRight()`

`Str::password()`

`Str::plural()`

`Str::pluralStudly()`

`Str::position()`

`Str::random()`

`Str::remove()`

`Str::repeat()`

`Str::replace()`

`Str::replaceArray()`

`Str::replaceFirst()`

`Str::replaceLast()`

`Str::replaceMatches()`

`Str::replaceStart()`

`Str::replaceEnd()`

`Str::reverse()`

`Str::singular()`

`Str::slug()`

`Str::snake()`

`Str::squish()`

`Str::start()`

`Str::startsWith()`

`Str::studly()`

`Str::substr()`

`Str::substrCount()`

`Str::substrReplace()`

`Str::swap()`

`Str::take()`

`Str::title()`

`Str::toBase64()`

`Str::transliterate()`

`Str::trim()`

`Str::ltrim()`

`Str::rtrim()`